How can word choice influence author ethos? Example.

• A. A Use of informal slang to undermine authority
• B. B Use of simple words reduces credibility
• C. C Use of archaic forms always signals reliability
• D. D Use of formal, technical vocabulary signals expertise

Answer: (D)

Word choice shapes author ethos by signaling expertise and fit with the audience. When you use formal, technical vocabulary, you communicate that you know the field and understand its conventions, which makes readers more inclined to trust you as an authority. For example, in a scientific discussion, terms like hydrostatic pressure or confidence interval show precision and familiarity with the discipline, boosting perceived credibility. In contrast, informal slang can undermine authority because it may come across as casual or unserious, causing readers to question your qualifications. Using very simple words isn’t inherently uncredible and can be appropriate for accessibility, but in contexts that expect technical rigor, plain language can fail to establish expertise. Archaic forms aren’t a guaranteed signal of reliability and can seem outdated or pretentious, potentially distracting from the content. The best approach depends on audience and purpose, but formal, technical vocabulary often signals expertise and strengthens ethos in professional or academic writing.